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-
- ISPELL(local) DOMAIN/IX Reference Manual (MIT) ISPELL(local)
-
-
- AUTHOR
-
- This version by Graham Toal <gtoal@uk.ac.ed>
-
- MISpell is my hack of ispell; I've renamed it so that ispell
- afficionadoes don't get upset when they see how much it has
- changed; however full credit for this interface goes to the
- original authors, named at the foot of this help file. I merely
- accept responsibility for the new checking code. (But not in
- the legal sense; use it at your own risk)
-
-
- NAME
-
- !mispell - Correct spelling for a file
-
-
- SYNOPSIS
-
- Drop a file on the !MISpell icon. Press ? inside the program
- for on-line help. Your corrected file will be modified at the
- end of the session unless you exit with Escape or X.
-
- Note that although this comes free with my TeX distribution, it
- doesn't support ignore TeX formatting commands. It will some day.
-
- DESCRIPTION
-
- The description below is stolen directly from the Unix(tm) version;
- please read between the lines for what happens on the Archimedes --
- a lot of the options below will not be implemented.
-
- Note that the normal Wimp command window isn't big enough for
- this program; my normal release of this includes a new Templates
- file which enlarges that window quite considerably.
-
- Ispell is fashioned after the spell program from ITS (called
- ispell on Twenex systems.) The most common usage is "ispell
- filename". In this case, ispell will display each word
- which does not appear in the dictionary, and allow you to
- change it. If there are "near misses" in the dictionary
- (words which differ by only a single letter, a missing or
- extra letter, or a pair of transposed letters), then they
- are also displayed. If you think the word is correct as it
- stands, you can type either "Space" to accept it this one
- time, or "I" to accept it and put it in your private dic-
- tionary. If one of the near misses is the word you want,
- type the corresponding number. (If there are more than 10
- choices, you may have to type a carriage return to complete
- a single-digit number). Finally, if none of these choices
- is right, you can type "R" and you will be prompted for a
- replacement word. If you want to see a list of words that
- might be close using wildcard characters, type "L" to lookup
- a word in the system dictionary.
-
- When a misspelled word is found, it is printed at the top of
- the screen. Any near misses will be printed on the follow-
- ing lines, and finally, two lines containing the word are
- printed at the bottom of the screen. If your terminal can
- type in reverse video, the word itself is highlighted.
-
- The -v option causes ispell to print its current version
- identification on the standard output and exit.
-
- The -l or "list" option to ispell is used to produce a list
- of misspelled words from the standard input.
-
- The -a option is intended to be used from other programs
- through a pipe. In this mode, ispell expects the standard
- input to consist of lines containing single words. Each
- word is read, and a single line is written to the standard
- output. If the word was found in the main dictionary, or
-
-
-
- Printed 7/9/87 ISPELL-1
-
- ISPELL(local) DOMAIN/IX Reference Manual (MIT) ISPELL(local)
-
-
-
- your personal dictionary, then the line contains only a '*'.
- If the word was found through suffix removal, then the line
- contains a '+', a space, and the root word. If the word is
- not in the dictionary, but there are near misses, then the
- line contains an '&', a space, and a list of the near misses
- separated by spaces. Also, each near miss is capitalized
- the same as the input word if unless such capitalization is
- illegal; in the latter case each near miss is capitalized
- correctly according to the dictionary. Finally, if the word
- neither appears in the dictionary, and there are no near
- misses, then the line contains only a '#'. This mode is
- also suitable for interactive use when you want to figure
- out the spelling of a single word. (These characters are
- the same as the codes that the real spell program uses.)
-
- The -A option works just like -a, except that if a line
- begins with the string "&Include_File&", the rest of the
- line is taken as the name of a file to read for further
- words. Input returns to the original file when the include
- file is exhausted. Inclusion may be nested up to five deep.
- The key string may be changed with the environment variable
- INCLUDE_STRING (the ampersands, if any, must be included).
-
- When in the -a mode, ispell will also accept lines of single
- words prefixed with either a '*' or a '@'. A line starting
- with '*' tells ispell to insert the word into the user's
- dictionary (similar to the I command). A line starting with
- '@' causes ispell to accept this word in the future (similar
- to the A command).
-
- The -x option causes ispell to remove the .bak file that it
- normally leaves. The .bak file contains the pre-corrected
- text. If there are file opening / writing errors, the .bak
- file may be left for recovery purposes even with the -x
- option.
-
- The -S option suppresses ispell's normal behavior of sorting
- the list of possible replacement words. Some people may
- prefer this, since it somewhat enhances the probability that
- the correct word will be low-numbered.
-
- The -t option selects TeX/LaTeX input mode. TeX/LaTeX mode
- is also automatically selected if an input file has the
- extension ".tex". In this mode, whenever a backslash ("\")
- is found, ispell will skip to the next whitespace. Thus,
- for example, given
- \chapter {This is a Ckapter} \cite{SCH86}
- will find "Ckapter" but will not look for SCH. The -t
- option does not recognise the TeX comment character "%".
-
- The -d option is used to specify an alternate hashed dic-
- tionary file, other than the default. If the filename does
-
-
-
- ISPELL-2 Printed 7/9/87
-
- ISPELL(local) DOMAIN/IX Reference Manual (MIT) ISPELL(local)
-
-
-
- not begin with a "/", the library directory for the default
- dictionary file is prefixed. This is useful to allow dic-
- tionaries which prefer alternate British spellings ("cen-
- tre", "tyre", etc), or add lists of special-purpose jargon
- and acronyms for subclasses of documents. There are some
- shortcomings in attempting to provide foreign-language dic-
- tionaries, but something like "-d french" could be made to
- work somewhat. The -d option may specify /dev/null, in
- which case the dictionary is limited to the personal one.
- This may be useful for certain private dictionaries.
-
- The -p option is used to specify an alternate personal dic-
- tionary file. If the file name does not begin with "/",
- $HOME is prefixed. Also, the shell variable WORDLIST may be
- set, which renames the personal dictionary in the same
- manner. The command line overrides WORDLIST setting. If
- neither is present "~/.ispell_words" is used.
-
- The -w option may be used to specify characters other than
- alphabetics which may also appear in words. For instance,
- -w "&" will allow "AT&T" to be picked up. Underscores are
- useful in many technical documents. There is an admittedly
- crude provision in this option for 8-bit international char-
- acters. Non-printing characters may be specified in the
- usual way by inserting a backslash followed by the octal
- character code; e.g., "\014" for a form feed. Alterna-
- tively, if "n" appears in the character string, the (up to)
- three characters following are a DECIMAL code 0 - 255, for
- the character. For example, to include bells and form feeds
- in your words (an admittedly silly thing to do, but aren't
- most pedagogical examples):
-
- n007n012
-
- Numeric digits other than the three following "n" are simply
- numeric characters. Use of "n" does not conflict with any-
- thing because actual alphabetics have no meaning - alphabet-
- ics are already accepted. Ispell will typically be used
- with input from a file, meaning that preserving parity for
- possible 8 bit characters from the input text is OK. If you
- specify the -l option, and actually type text from the ter-
- minal, this may create problems if your stty settings
- preserve parity.
-
- The -c option is primarily intended for use by the munchlist
- shell script. In this mode, a list of words is read from
- the standard input. For each word, a list of possible root
- words and suffixes will be written to the standard output.
- Some of the root words will be illegal and must be filtered
- from the output by other means; the munchlist script does
- this. As an example, the command "echo BOTHER | ispell -c"
- produces:
-
-
-
- Printed 7/9/87 ISPELL-3
-
- ISPELL(local) DOMAIN/IX Reference Manual (MIT) ISPELL(local)
-
-
-
- BOTH
- BOTHE/R
- BOTH/R
-
- Unless it has been installed without the feature by your
- system administrator, ispell is aware of the correct capi-
- talizations of words in the dictionary and in your personal
- dictionary. As well as recognising words that must be capi-
- talized (e.g., George) and words that must be all-capitals
- (e.g., NASA), it can also handle words with "unusual" capi-
- talization (e.g., "ITCorp" or "TeX"). If a word is capital-
- ized incorrectly, the list of possibilities will include all
- acceptable capitalisations. (More than one capitalization
- may be acceptable; for example, my dictionary lists both
- "ITCorp" and "ITcorp".) Normally, this feature will not
- cause you surprises, but there is one circumstance you need
- to be aware of. If you add a word to your dictionary that
- is at the beginning of a sentence (e.g., the first word of
- this paragraph if "unless" were not in the dictionary), it
- will be marked as "capitalization required". A subsequent
- usage of this word without capitalization (e.g., the quoted
- word in the previous sentence), ispell will object and sug-
- gest the capitalized version. You must then compare the
- actual spellings by eye, and then type "I" to add the un-
- capitalized variant to your personal dictionary.
-
- The rules for capitalization are as follows:
-
- (1) Any word may appear in all capitals, as in headings.
-
- (2) Any word that is in the dictionary in all-lowercase
- form may appear either in lowercase or capitalized (as
- at the beginning of a sentence).
-
- (3) Any word that has "funny" capitalization (i.e., it con-
- tains both cases and there is an uppercase character
- besides the first) must appear exactly as in the dic-
- tionary, except as permitted by rule (1). If the word
- is acceptable in all-lowercase, it must appear thus in
- a dictionary entry.
-
- The munchlist shell script is used to reduce the size of
- dictionary files, primarily personal dictionary files. It
- is also capable of combining dictionaries from various
- sources. The given files are read (standard input if no
- arguments are given), reduced to a minimal set of roots and
- suffixes that will match the same list of words, and written
- to standard output.
-
- Normally, words that are in the default dictionary are
- removed by munchlist during processing. If the list is to
- be used with a different dictionary, the -d option can be
-
-
-
- ISPELL-4 Printed 7/9/87
-
- ISPELL(local) DOMAIN/IX Reference Manual (MIT) ISPELL(local)
-
-
-
- used to specify an alternate (hashed) dictionary file con-
- taining words to be removed from the output list. If a dic-
- tionary file of /dev/null is specified, no words will be
- removed from the output; this is useful when munching the
- primary dictionary file.
-
- The -w option is passed on to ispell. The -e ("efficient")
- option causes the script to use a slower algorithm that uses
- somewhat less space in TMPDIR (normally /usr/tmp).
-
- The isexpand shell script is used to expand the various suf-
- fix flags in an ispell word list. This script can be used
- when looking words up in the dictionary, or to verify that a
- particular suffix flag actually produces the expected
- result.
-
- It is possible to install ispell in such a way as to only
- support ASCII range text if desired.
-
- ENVIRONMENT
- WORDLIST Personal dictionary file name
- INCLUDE_STRING Code for file inclusion under the -A
- option
- TMPDIR Directory used for some of munchlist's tem-
- porary files
-
- FILES
- <MISpell$Dir>.dict-dwg master dictionary in compresed format
- <MISpell$Dir>.dict-txt user's private dictionary
-
- BUGS
- Numerous, but not yet documented. The Unix bugs have been
- exchanged for a different set :-)
-
- The source of this command will eventually be released to
- eunet.micro.acorn; you will also need my general-purpose
- spelling kernel from alt.sources, hopefully soon to be
- comp.sources.misc
-
-
- Printed 7/9/87 ISPELL-5
-
- ISPELL(local) DOMAIN/IX Reference Manual (MIT) ISPELL(local)
-
-
-
- While alternate dictionaries for foreign languages could be
- defined, and the international characters included in words,
- rules concerning word endings / pluralization accommodate
- English only.
-
- When the -x flag is specified, ispell will unlink any exist-
- ing .bak file.
-
- AUTHOR
- Pace Willisson (pace@mit-vax)
- Collected, revised, and enhanced for the Usenet by Walt
- Buehring.
- Further enhanced and debugged by Isaac Balbin, Stewart Cla-
- men, Mark Davies, Steve Dum, Gary Johnson, Don Kark, Steve
- Kelem, Jim Knutson, Geoff Kuenning, Evan Marcus, Dave Mason,
- Rob McMahon, Bob McQueer, David Neves, Joe Orost, Israel
- Pinkas, Gary Puckering, Bill Randle, Marc Ries, Rich Salz,
- Greg Schaffer, Joel Shprentz, George Sipe, Perry Smith, Graham
- Toal, Stefan Taxhet, Andrew Vignaux, Johan Widen, James Woods,
- and Ken Yap.
-
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- ISPELL-6 Printed 7/9/87
-